Turkey has a rich and diverse history, with civilizations dating back thousands of years. This unique blend of cultures is reflected in the country’s numerous historical sites and landmarks. From ancient ruins to grand mosques, Turkey offers a wealth of opportunities for visitors to explore its fascinating past. If you’re planning a trip to this beautiful country, here are some top historical places to visit in Turkey:
1. Hagia Sophia
Located in Istanbul, the iconic Hagia Sophia is a must-visit for anyone interested in history and architecture. Originally built as a Christian basilica in the 6th century, it was later converted into a mosque and is now a museum. Its impressive dome and intricate details make it a true masterpiece of Byzantine architecture.
When you visit, be sure to admire the stunning mosaics and frescoes that decorate the interior walls. You can also climb up to the galleries for a closer look at the dome’s intricate structure.
2. Ephesus
Ephesus is an old city found in what’s now modern-day Turkey. It was once a thriving port city and played a significant role in the development of early Christianity. Today, it’s one of the best-preserved ancient cities around and a top spot for tourists.
The city of Ephesus was founded in the 10th century BC by Greek colonists. It quickly became an important trading center, thanks to its strategic location on the Aegean Sea. Over time, it grew into a wealthy and influential city, known for its impressive architecture and cultural achievements.
The Library of Celsus is one of the most well-known landmarks in Ephesus. Built in the 2nd century AD, it held over 12,000 scrolls and was one of the largest libraries in the ancient world. Today, you can still see the grand facade with its intricately carved columns and statues.
Another must-see spot in Ephesus is the Great Theatre. This massive structure could hold up to 25,000 people and was used for various performances and events. It is also believed that St. Paul preached here during his time in the city.
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3. Blue Mosque
The Blue Mosque, or Sultan Ahmed Mosque, is hands down one of Istanbul’s most famous landmarks. Built in the 17th century, it is a stunning example of Islamic architecture with its six minarets and cascading domes. The interior is just as impressive with its intricate tile work and hand-painted decorations.
Visitors can enter the mosque for free, but are asked to dress appropriately and remove their shoes before entering. It is still an active place of worship, so it’s important to be respectful while visiting.
Some interesting facts about the Blue Mosque include:
- It took seven years to build and was completed in 1616.
- The mosque gets its name from the blue tiles that adorn the interior walls.
- There are over 20,000 handmade tiles inside the mosque, each with unique designs.
- The main dome of the mosque is 140 feet high and has a diameter of 70 feet.
- The courtyard of the mosque can hold up to 10,000 worshippers at once.
4. Göbekli Tepe
Göbekli Tepe is an amazing archaeological site you’ll find in southeastern Turkey. It is believed to be the oldest known temple in the world, dating back over 11,000 years. The place was first discovered in 1963 by researcher Peter Benedict, but it wasn’t until the early 1990s that excavations began.
The site consists of multiple circular and oval-shaped structures, some with T-shaped pillars weighing up to 15 tons. These pillars are decorated with intricate carvings of animals, including lions, foxes, and sows.
5. Aspendos Theatre
The Aspendos Theatre is an ancient Roman theatre located in the city of Antalya, Turkey. It is believed to have been built in the 2nd century AD by architect Zeno, during the reign of Emperor Marcus Aurelius. The theatre is renowned for its excellent preservation, with the stage wall and orchestra pit still intact.
The theatre has a seating capacity of approximately 12,000 people and is known for its exceptional acoustics. It was used for various performances in ancient times, such as plays, musicals, and gladiator fights. This is best place to visit if you want to immerse yourself in the history of ancient Roman entertainment.
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6. Mount Nemrut
Mount Nemrut is a 2,150-meter-high mountain in southeastern Turkey. It is famous for its large statues and sculptures from the 1st century BC. These sculptures were commissioned by King Antiochus I Theos of Commagene as a monument to himself and the gods.
The statues depict various Greek and Persian deities, as well as King Antiochus himself. Visitors can reach the peak of Mount Nemrut by taking a short hike from the parking area. Once at the top, they will be greeted by the massive statues and stunning views of the surrounding landscape. It is recommended to visit at sunrise or sunset for an even more breathtaking experience. It is closed in the winter due to heavy snowfall.
Final Thought
Top historical places to visit in Turkey are truly a testament to the country’s rich and diverse cultural heritage. From ancient ruins to grand mosques, each site offers a unique glimpse into Turkey’s past. So, next time you plan a trip to Turkey, make sure to include these must-visit historical places in your itinerary.
FAQs
What are the best historical places to visit in Turkey?
Some of the top historical places to visit in Turkey are:
- Hagia Sophia in Istanbul
- Ephesus Ancient City near Selcuk
- Topkapi Palace Museum in Istanbul
- Cappadocia’s underground cities and cave towns
- Pamukkale hot springs and ancient Hierapolis ruins
Are these sites open year-round?
Most of these historical sites are open year-round, except for certain closures due to renovations or adverse weather conditions. It is recommended to check their official websites for updated information before planning a visit.
Are there any cultural events or festivals that take place in these locations?
Yes, each of these historical sites has its own unique cultural events and festivals throughout the year. For example, Hagia Sophia hosts a yearly music festival showcasing traditional Turkish music. While Ephesus Ancient City holds an annual theater festival featuring ancient Greek plays. Topkapi Palace Museum also holds various exhibitions and workshops focusing on Ottoman culture and art.
